Text structure is the internal organizational pattern of written or spoken discourse. As a fundamental concept in linguistics, rhetoric, and cognitive science, it investigates the systematic arrangement and interrelationships of textual elements (such as sentences, paragraphs, and sections) to facilitate coherence, comprehension, and rhetorical effectiveness. Key characteristics involve identifying recurring patterns (e.g., cause-effect, problem-solution, comparison), hierarchical organization, and cohesive links between different parts of a text, highlighting its significance in understanding information processing, text production, and genre conventions across various domains.